First off a little infomation about me:
My highest level character is a 67 Paladin, I have a 62 mage and 61 rogue and a load of other alts. Leveling is pretty much my hobby, I find it fun as long as I have the things that I'm going to list off and explain to you below.
I'd like to say one more thing before I go on to the guide, if you get the chance at 60+ to go to the old instances like Zul'Gurub, Molten Core, Blackwing Lair, AQ20/40 (Assuming you do the attunements) go to them all at least once, I personally regret not going to my guilds AQ runs because I went in there with some randoms a while ago after we had stopped raiding and enjoyed the encounters. The old instances are still a lot of fun and will always be a challange, though admittedly not as challanging as the newer ones.

But, with all that said and done, onto the guide.

Preface
What is this guide about?
Simply what the title says, fast, effective, and boredom free leveling. I've done a lot of leveling and the things I'm going to share with you here are what I use for really fast leveling, though it does take a logical way of thinking things through.
Acknowledgments
Eriyanna of WoW Radio for the list of grinding music.
Jame for their leveling guide.

Do I have to be a specific faction/class/race for this?

First Aid is a secondary profession, meaning anyone and everyone can and should have it. It is extremely helpful in both PvE and PvP, as you can almost always find time to heal yourself in both situations. First aid is also relatively easy to powerlevel. Here is how to get from 1-300 in first aid.

Materials

Apprentice

Journeyman

Expert